Toward a Critical Race Praxis for Educational Research Lessons from Affirmative Action and Social Science Advocacy
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Article Details
JCSCORE (ISSN 2642-2387) provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. All content in JCSCORE is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
Unless otherwise noted, works published in JCSCORE are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike License (CC BY-NC-SA). By granting a CC BY-NC-SA license in their work, authors retain copyright ownership of the work, but they give explicit permission for others to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy the work, as long as the original source and author(s) are properly cited (i.e. a complete bibliographic citation and link to the JCSCORE website), re-use of the work is not for commercial purposes, and the re-used work is shared with the same license. No permission is required from the author(s) or the publishers for such use. According to the terms of the CC BY-NC-SA license, any reuse or redistribution must indicate the original CC-BY-NC-SA license terms of the work.
Exceptions to the application of the CC BY-NC-SA license may be granted at the author(s)’ discretion if reasonable extenuating circumstances exist. Such exceptions must be granted in writing. For coordinating use permission you may either contact the author directly or email jcscore@ou.edu.
References
Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York: New York Press. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403410382450 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403410382450
Ahmed, S. (2004). Declarations of whiteness: The non-performativity of anti-racism. Retrieved from http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol3no2_2004/ahmed_ declarations.htm
Ahmed, S. (2014). Sara Ahmed on racism and institutionalized diversity. Retrieved from http://adrieltrott.com/2014/12/08/racism-institionalized-diversity/ https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822395324-006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822395324-006
Bryant, R. L., & Bailey, S. (2000). Third world political ecology. New York: Routledge Bell, D. (2005). The unintended lessons in Brown V. Board of Education. New York Law School Law Review, (49) 4,1053-1076
Bell, D. (1980). Brown v. Board of Education and the interest convergence dilemma. Harvard Law Review 93, 518–533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1340546 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1340546
Brief of American Social Science Researchers as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents, Fisher v. University of Texas, 570 U.S. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.utexas.edu/vp/irla/Documents/ACR%20American%20Social%20Science%20Researchers.pdf
Baez, B. (2004). The study of diversity. Journal Of Higher Education, 75(3), 285-306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2004.11772257
Barreto, S. G. &, Saccone, G. (2010). Alcohol-induced acute pancreatitis: The ‘critical mass’ concept. Medical Hypothesis (75), 73-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2010.01.036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2010.01.036
Bonilla-Silva, E. (2003/2010/2014). Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and the persistence of racial inequality in the United States. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. https://doi.org/10.2307/40264552 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/40264552
Brayboy, B. M. (2006). Toward a tribal critical race theory in education. The Urban Review, 37 (5), 425-446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-005-0018-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-005-0018-y
Brown, S. K., & Hirschman, C. (2006). The end of affirmative action in Washington State and its impact on the transition from high school to college. Sociology of Education, 79(2), 106-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/003804070607900202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/003804070607900202
Chang, M. J., Chang, J. C., & Ledesma, M. C. (2005). Beyond magical thinking: Doing the real work of diversifying our institutions. About Campus, 10(2), 9–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/abc.124 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/abc.124
Chang, M. J. (2015). Amplifying Asian American presence: Contending with dominant racial narratives in Fisher. In U. M. Jayakumar & L.M. Garces with F. Fernandez (Eds.). Affirmative Action and Racial Equity: Considering the Fisher Case to Forge the Path Ahead. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315767840
Crenshaw, K. W. (1989). ‘Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics’, University of Chicago Legal Forum, (14), 538–54. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429500480-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429500480-5
Crenshaw, K. W. (2011). Twenty years of critical race theory: Looking back to move forward. Connecticut Law Review. (5)43, 1255-1352.
Coleman, M. S. (2004). Afterword. In P. Gurin et al. (Eds.), Defending diversity: Affirmative action at the University of Michigan (pp. 189–195). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.17844 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.17844
Dudziak, M. L. (1988). Desegregation as a cold war imperative. Stanford Law Review. (42), 1-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1228836 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1228836
Delgado, R. & Stefancic, J. (2012). Critical Race Theory: An Introduction. New York: New York University Press.
Ellsworth, E. (1997). Teaching positions: Difference, pedagogy, and the power of address. New York: Teachers College Press.
Feagin, J. (2010). The white racial frame. New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203890646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203890646
Fine, P. (1993). Herd immunity: History, theory, & practice. The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, (15) 2. 265-301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036121
Freire, P. (1970/1993). Pedagogy of the oppressed (Rev. Ed.). New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group.
Garces, L. M., Cogburn, C., & McClure, T. (2013). Proposal 2 and racial diversity efforts at the University of Michigan: A case study. Paper presented at ASHE 2013 annual meeting, St. Louis, MI.
Garces, L. M., & Jayakumar, U. M. (2014). Dynamic Diversity: Toward a contextual understanding of critical mass. Educational Researcher. 43 (3), 115 – 124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X14529814 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X14529814
Gramsci, A. (1971). Selections from the prison notebooks. New York: International Publishers Co.
Grande, S. (2004). Red pedagogy: Native American social and political thought. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003). Retrieved from www.law.cornell.edu/supct/ pdf/02–241P.ZO
Guinier, L. (2003). Admissions rituals as political acts: Guardians at the gates of our demographic ideals. Harvard Law Review, 117, 113.
Gurin, P., Lehman, J. S., Hurtado, S., Lewis, E., Dey, E. L., & Gurin, G. (2007). Defending diversity: Affirmative action at the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Harris, C. (2003). What the Supreme Court did not hear in Grutter and Gratz. Drake Law Review, 51, 697-713.
Jayakumar, U. M., & Adamian, A. S. with Chang, J. M. (2015). Reflections on the diversity (rationale) literature: Examining the potential and need for critical diversity research praxis. In U. M. Jayakumar & L. M. Garces with F. Fernandez (Eds.). Affirmative Action and Racial Equity: Considering the Fisher Case to Forge the Path Ahead. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315767840
Jayakumar, U. M. & Garces, L. M. (2015). Afterward: Working collectively toward racial equity in higher education policy. In U. M. Jayakumar & L.M. Garces with F. Fernandez (Eds.). Affirmative Action and Racial Equity: Considering the Fisher case to forge the path ahead (pp. 210-218). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315767840 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315767840
Karabel, J. (1984). Status-group struggle, organizational interests, and the limits of institutional autonomy: The transformation of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, 1918- 1940. Theory & Society, 13(1), 1-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00159255 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00159255
Kozol, J. (2005). The shame of the nation: The restoration of apartheid schooling in America. New York: Crown.
Kumashiro, K. (2008). The seduction of common sense: How the right has framed the debate on America's schools. New York: Teachers College Press.
Kumashiro, K. (2009). Against common sense: Teaching and learning toward social justice. New York: Routledge.
Ladson-Billings, G. (2006). From the achievement gap to the education debt: Understanding achievement in U.S. schools. Educational Researcher, 35(7), 3- https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x035007003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X035007003
Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. (1995). Toward a critical race theory of education. Teachers College Record, 97, 47–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/016146819509700104
Lipsitz, G. (2006). The possessive investment in whiteness: How white people profit from identity politics. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/105.2.573 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/105.2.573
Park, J. J., & Liu, A. (2014). Interest convergence or divergence? A critical race analysis of Asian Americans, meritocracy, and critical mass in the affirmative action debate. Journal of Higher Education, 85(1), 36–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2014.11777318
powell, j. a., & Menendian, S. (2014). Fisher v. Texas: The limits of exhaustion and the future of race-conscious university admissions. University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, 47, 899–934.
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978).
Rogers, I. H. (2012). The black campus movement: Black students and the racial reconstruction of higher education, 1965 – 1972. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137016508 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137016508
Shujaa, M.J. (1994). Too much schooling too little education: A paradox of black life in white societies. Trenton, NJ: African World Press, Inc. https://doi.org/10.2307/2967302 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2967302
Solorzano, D., & Bernal, D. (2001). Examining transformational resistance through a critical race and latcrit theory framework: Chicana and Chicano students in an urban context. Urban Education, 36(3), 308–342. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085901363002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085901363002
Solórzano, D. G & Yosso, T. J. (2002). A critical race counterstory of race, racism, and affirmative action. Equity & Excellence in Education, (35) 2, 155-168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/713845284 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/713845284
Sturm, S. & Guinier, L. (1996). The future of affirmative action: Reclaiming the innovative deal. California Law Review, (84) 4, 953 – 1035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3480987 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3480987
Tuhiwai Smith, L. (1999/2012). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. New York: Zed Books LTD. https://doi.org/10.1111/aeq.12032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/aeq.12032
Wise, T. (2005). Affirmative action: Racial preference in black and white. New York: Routledge.
Woodson, C.G. (1933/2013). The mis-education of the Negro. USA: Tribeca Books.
Yamamoto, E. K. (1997). Critical race praxis: Race theory and political lawyering practice in post-Civil Rights America. Michigan Law Review, 95, 821-900. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1290048 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1290048
Yosso, T. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race Ethnicity and Education (8) 1, 69–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1361332052000341006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1361332052000341006
Zamani-Gallaher, E. M. O’Neil Green, D., Brown, M.C., & Stovall, D. (2009). The case for affirmative action on campus: Concepts of equity, considerations for practice. Sterling, Virginia: Stylus Publishing.
Zuberi, T., & Bonilla-Silva, E. (2008). White logic, white methods: Racism and methodology. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.