Arkansas: Still Swingin' in 2004
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2005.26.0.133-154Abstract
Arkansas-a state that George W. Bush won by just 50,000 votes in 2000-flirted in 2004 with joining Florida as a southern state with “battle-ground" potential. This status as a prospective swing state was driven, not just by the close 2000 presidential outcome, but also by the continued strength of Democratic candidates in Arkansas in recent election cycles. Mark Pryor, for example, was the sole Democrat to defeat an incumbent U.S. Senator in 2002, prevailing over Tim Hutchinson by eight percentage points. Moreover, Arkansas Republicanism continues to be geographically shackled to the fast growing communities of northwest Arkansas (from which the party gets its sole Arkansas U.S. Congressman) and the suburbs encircling Little Rock; the GOP only occasionally fields candidates, much less wins posts, elsewhere in the state. At a time then when Republicanism elsewhere in the South shows new strength with each election cycle, nearly three in four Arkansas state legislators continue to wear the Democratic label, and an even larger percentage of local officeholders remain in the Democratic fold.References
Arkansas Poll, Diane D. Blair Center for Southern Politics and Culture, University of Arkansas (http://plsc.uark.edu/arkpoll).
Barth, Jay, Diane D. Blair, and Ernie Dumas. 1999. Arkansas: Characters, Crises, and Partisan Change. In Southern Politics in the 1990s, ed. Alexander P. Lamis. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
Barth, Jay, Janine A. Parry, and Todd Shields. 2002. Arkansas: Nonstop Action in Post-Clinton Arkansas. In The 2000 Presidential Election in the South, eds. Robert P. Steed and Laurence W. Moreland. Westport, CT: Praeger.
Barton, Paul. 2004. Choosing No. 2 Spot Complex for Kerry. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, March 15.
Blair, Diane D. 1988. Arkansas Politics and Government: Do the People Rule? Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Blair, Diane D., and Jay Barth. 2005. Arkansas Politics and Government: Do the People Rule?, 2nd ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Bleed, Jake. 2004a. High Court Votes 4-3 to Put Nader Back on Ballot.î Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, October 2.
Bleed, Jake. 2004b. Judge Rules: Drop Nader from Ballot. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, September 21.
Bleed, Jake. 2004c. Same-Sex Marriage Ban Stays on Ballot. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, October 8.
Bleed, Jake. 2004d. State Polls on Nov. 2 Watch List. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, October 6.
Blomeley, Seth. 2004a. ìJobs Will Be There,î Bush Tells Arkansans. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, April 7.
Blomeley, Seth. 2004b. Kerry Stumps in LR, His 2nd Trip to State. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, May 13.
Blomeley, Seth. 2004c. Rival: Holt a Broken Record, Lincoln Says Challenger Too Focused on Gay Marriage. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, October 6.
Brown, Wesley. 2004a. Democratic Party Sues to Keep Nader Off Ballot. Arkansas News Bureau, September 11.
Brown, Wesley. 2004b. Edwards Promises to Win Back White House, Seeks Arkansas Votes. Arkansas News Bureau, August 5.
Brown, Wesley. 2004c. Poll Watchers, Monitors Plan to Inundate Voting Sites. Arkansas News Bureau, October 30.
Cardwell, Diane. 2004. Clinton, at Little Rock Rally, Tries to Persuade Home State. New York Times, November 1.
Davis, Tim. 2005. Same-Sex Marriage: The Social Wedge Issue of the New Century? Typescript. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
Democratic Party of Arkansas. 2005. 2004 Post Election Report. Little Rock: Democratic Party of Arkansas.
Hammer, David. Lincoln's Victory Tempered by Holt's Success on Moral Issues. Associated Press State and Local Wire, November 5.
Jefferson, James. 2004. GOP Candidates Campaign on Moral Issues. Associated Press State and Local Wire, September 20.
Koon, David. 2003. Cyberseducing the General. Arkansas Times, July 11.
Lawrence, Jill, and Susan Page. 2005. What Got So Many Counties to Shift from Blue to Red? USA Today, January 31.
Miller, Chris. 2004. Kerry Starts Ad Blitz. Arkansas News Bureau, May 4.
Moreno, Sylvia. 2004. Clinton Returns to Arkansas to Stump for Kerry. Washington Post, November 1.
Moritz, Rob. 2003a. Arkansas Travelers Seek Role in Clark Bid. Arkansas News Bureau, September 28.
Moritz, Rob. 2003b. Clark Makes It Official. Arkansas News Bureau, September 18.
Parker, Suzi. 2003. Drafting the General. Memphis The Commercial Appeal, September 15.
Parry, Janine A., and William D. Schreckhise. 2001. Political Culture, Political Attitudes, and Aggregated Demographic Effects: Regionalism and Political Ideology in Arkansas. Midsouth Political Science Review 5:61-75.
Robinson, David. 2004a. Arkansas Crewman Refutes Authorís Claims. Arkansas News Bureau, August 29.
Robinson, David. 2004b. Clinton Campaigns for Kerry in Arkansas. Arkansas News Bureau, November 1.
Romano, Lois. 2004. Running Mates Tour Arkansas. Washington Post, August 5.
Rosin, Hanna. 2003. Putting the Ark. in Clark. Washington Post, October 13.
Rowett, Michael. 2003a. Bush Raises $500,000 in LR. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, November 11.
Rowett, Michael. 2003b. Clark Answers the Call. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, September 18.
Sabin, Warwick. 2004a. Can Arkansas Pass the Arkansas Test? Arkansas Times, September 9.
Sabin, Warwick. 2004b. You Know You're a Redneck If . . . . Arkansas Times, March 21.
Sadler, Aaron. 2004a. Bush: Van Buren School ìExample to the Country. Arkansas News Bureau, May 12.
Sadler, Aaron. 2004b. Cheney Says Six Electoral Votes in Arkansas Important. Arkansas News Bureau, August 4.
Sanders, David. 2004. Presidential Campaigns in Arkansas: Going, Going, Gone. Arkansas News Bureau, September 22.
Shafer, Byron E., and Richard G.C. Johnston. 2001. The Transformation of Southern Politics Revisited: The House of Representatives as a Window. British Journal of Political Science 31:601-625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007123401000230
Talhelm, Jennifer. 2004. Buffalo Soldiers Roam S.C. Trail for Clark. Columbia (SC) The State, January 7.
Taulbee, Chip. 2004. Political Ad Spending Disappoints Local TV Execs. Arkansas Business, November 1.
Thompson, Doug. 2004a. Cheney Cheers Wal-Mart, Chides Kerry. Arkansas News Bureau, May 4.
Thompson, Doug. 2004b. Gay Marriage a Leading Issue, Janet Huckabee Says. Arkansas News Bureau, March 5, 2004.
Vekshin, Alison. 2003a. Arkansas Democratic Lawmakers in Congress Rally Behind Clark., Arkansas News Bureau, September 18.
Vekshin, Alison. 2003b. Internet-Based Movement Nudging Clark to Run for President. Arkansas News Bureau, July 14.
Vekshin, Alison. 2004. Kerry Campaign Plans Late Ads in Arkansas. Arkansas News Bureau, September 10.
Wekkin, Gary D. 2005. Arkansas: Electoral Competition and Reapportionment in the 'Land of Opportunity.' In The New Politics of the Old South: An Introduction to Southern Politics, 2nd ed. eds. Charles S. Bullock III and Mark J. Rozell. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
Wickline, Michael R. 2004. Ad Will Attack Kerry on Arkansas-Built Arms. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, April 28.
Wickline, Michael R. 2004. Vote GOP or Risk Ban on Bible, Flier Warns. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, September 25.
Younge, Gary. 2004. Come Home, Bill Clinton. Salon.com, October 27.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with American Review of Politics agree to the following terms:
The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
Non-Commercial: the materials may not be used for commercial purposes;
Share Alike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
with the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
The Author represents and warrants that:
the Work is the Author’s original work;
the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
the Work has not previously been published;
the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.