South Carolina: Party Development in the Palmetto State

Authors

  • Robert P. Steed
  • Laurence W. Moreland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2003.24.0.91-108

Abstract

Paralleling developments in other southern states over the past three to four decades, South Carolina’s political system has undergone dramatic change. One of the more significant components of this change has been the partisan realignment from a one-party system dominated by the Democrats to a competitive two-party system in which Republicans have come to hold the upper hand. This increased electoral competitiveness has been accompanied by an increased organizational effort by both parties in the state. An examination of local party activists in 2001 points to a continuation of this pattern over the past ten years. In comparison with data from the 1991 Southern Grassroots Party Activists Survey, the 2001 data show the following: (1) the Republican Party has sustained its electoral and organizational gains of recent years; (2) the parties continue to attract activists who differ across party lines on a number of important demographic and socioeconomic variables; (3) there has been a continued sorting of political orientations and cues marked by sharply different inter-party ideological and issue positions; (4) the Democratic Party has become more ideologically homogeneous and more in line with the national party than previously; and (5) since 1991 perceptions of factionalism have declined in both parties, but still remain higher among Democrats than among Republicans.

References

Bain, Chester W. 1972. South Carolina: Partisan Prelude. In The Changing Politics of the South, ed. William C. Havard. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.

Baker, Tod A. 1990. The Emergence of the Religious Right and the Development of the Two-Party System in the South. In Political Parties in the Southern States: Party Activists in Partisan Coalitions, eds. Tod A. Baker, Charles D. Hadley, Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. New York: Praeger.

Baker, Tod A., Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. 1991. Preachers & Politics: Jesse Jackson, Pat Robertson, and the 1988 Presidential Nomination Campaigns in South Carolina. In The Bible and the Ballot Box: Religion and Politics in the 1988 Election, eds. John C. Green and James Guth. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Bass, Jack, and Walter DeVries. 1976. The Transformation of Southern Politics. New York: Basic Books.

Bowman, Lewis, William E. Hulbary, and Anne E. Kelley. 1990. Party Sorting at the Grassroots: Stable Partisans and Party Changers Among Florida's Precinct Officials. In The Disappearing South? Studies in Regional Change and Continuity, eds. Robert P. Steed, Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

Brodsky, David M., and Patrick R. Cotter. 1998. Political Issues and Political Parties. In Party Activists in Southern Politics: Mirrors and Makers of Change, eds. Charles D. Hadley and Lewis Bowman. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Charleston Post and Courier. 1994. Election Reports.

Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report. 1994. Dixie Voters Look Away: South Shifts to the GOP. 52(44):3230-3231.

Crotty, William. 1983. Party Reform. New York. Longman.

Eldersveld, Samuel J. 1964. Political Parties: A Behavioral Analysis. Chicago: Rand McNally.

Fowler, Donald L. 1966. Presidential Voting in South Carolina, 1948-1964. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina, Bureau of Governmental Research and Service.

Graham, Cole Blease, Jr. 1988. Partisan Change in South Carolina. In The South's New Politics: Realignment and Dealignment, eds. Robert H. Swansbrough and David M. Brodsky. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.

Jordan, Frank E., Jr. 1962. The Primary State: A History of the Democratic Party in South Carolina 1876-1962. Columbia, SC: South Carolina Democratic Party.

Key, V.O., Jr. 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Knopf.

Lamis, Alexander P. 1999. Southern Politics in the 1990s. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.

McGlennon, John J. 1998. Ideology and the Southern Party Activist: Poles Apart or Reflecting the Polls? In Party Activists in Southern Politics: Mirrors and Makers of Change, eds. Charles D. Hadley and Lewis Bowman. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Moore, William V. 1983. Parties and Electoral Politics in South Carolina. In Politics in the Palmetto State, eds. Luther F. Carter and David S. Mann. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Bureau of Governmental Research and Service.

Moreland, Laurence W., Robert P. Steed, and Tod A. Baker. 1983. Cultural and Political Regionalism in South Carolina. Paper presented at the University of South Carolina Trustees Symposium on South Carolina, Conway, SC, April.

Moreland, Laurence W., Robert P. Steed, and Tod A. Baker. 1986. South Carolina. In The 1984 Presidential Election in the South: Patterns of Southern Party Politics, eds. Robert P. Steed, Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. New York: Praeger.

Moreland, Laurence W., Robert P. Steed, and Tod A. Baker. 1991. South Carolina: Different Cast, Same Drama in the Palmetto State. In The 1988 Presidential Election in the South: Continuity Amidst Change in Southern Party Politics, eds. Laurence W. Moreland, Robert P. Steed, and Tod A. Baker. New York: Praeger.

Moreland, Laurence W., and Robert P. Steed. 2002. South Carolina: Republican, Primarily. In The 2000 Presidential Election in the South: Partisanship and Southern Party Systems in the 21st Century, eds. Robert P. Steed and Laurence W. Moreland. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Moreland, Laurence W. 1990a. The Ideological and Issue Bases of Southern Parties. In Political Parties in the Southern States: Party Activists in Partisan Coalitions, eds. Tod A. Baker, Charles D. Hadley, Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. New York: Praeger.

Moreland, Laurence W. 1990b. The Impact of Immigration on Party Coalitions. In Political Parties in the Southern States: Party Activists in Partisan Coalitions, eds. Tod A. Baker, Charles D. Hadley, Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. New York: Praeger.

Moreland, Laurence W. 1994. South Carolina: Republican Again. In The 1992 Presidential Election in the South: Current Patterns of Southern Party and Electoral Politics, eds. Robert P. Steed, Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Polsby, Nelson W. 1983. Consequences of Party Reform. New York: Oxford University Press.

Steed, Robert P., and John McGlennon. 1990. A 1988 Postscript: Continuing Coalitional Diversity. In Political Parties in the Southern States: Party Activists in Partisan Coalitions, eds. Tod A. Baker, Charles D. Hadley, Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. New York: Praeger.

Steed, Robert P., Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. 1990. Searching for the Mind of the South in the Second Reconstruction. In The Disappearing South? Studies in Regional Change and Continuity, eds. Robert P. Steed, Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

Steed, Robert P., Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. 1992. South Carolina Party System: Towards a Two-Party System. In Government in the Palmetto State: Toward the 21st Century, eds. Luther F. Carter and David S. Mann. Columbia, SC: The University of South Carolina Institute of Public Affairs.

Steed, Robert P., Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. 1995a. Party Sorting at the Local Level in South Carolina. The National Political Science Review 5:181-196.

Steed, Robert P., Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. 1995b. South Carolina: Toward a Two-Party System. In Southern State Party Organizations and Activists, eds. Charles D. Hadley and Lewis Bowman. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Steed, Robert P. 1990. Party Reform, the Nationalization of American Politics, and Party Change in the South. In Political Parties in the Southern States: Party Activists in Partisan Coalitions, eds. Tod A. Baker, Charles D. Hadley, Robert P. Steed, and Laurence W. Moreland. New York: Praeger.

Steed, Robert P. 1994. Southern Electoral Politics as Prelude to the 1992 Elections. In The 1992 Presidential Election in the South: Current Patterns of Southern Party and Electoral Politics, eds. Robert P. Steed, Laurence W. Moreland, and Tod A. Baker. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Steed, Robert P. 1997. South Carolina. In State Party Profiles: A 50-State Guide to Development, Organization, and Resources, eds. Andrew M. Appleton and Daniel S. Ward. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.

Steed, Robert P. 1998. Parties, Ideology, and Issues: The Structuring of Political Conflict. In Party Organization and Activism in the American South, eds. Robert P. Steed, John A. Clark, Lewis Bowman, and Charles D. Hadley. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

Downloads

Published

2003-04-01

Issue

Section

Articles