A Reply to “What to Do about Turnout Bias in American Elections”

Authors

  • Kenneth A. Wink
  • Ronald E. Weber

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2006.27.0.261-266

Abstract

Thomas Brunell (2006a) critiques our article, “Do Democrats and Republicans Pay the Same Price for Seats in U.S. State Lower House Elections” (Wink and Weber 2005). We found that partisan turnout bias exists in state lower-house elections, and mostly the turnout bias favors Democratic Party candidates. Brunell does not dispute our findings on distributional bias or take issue with our methodology; rather, his main argument is that turnout bias is not significant enough to warrant concern from legislative parties or the courts. In our reply, we elaborate on our earlier proposition that turnout bias is important in American legislative elections. We also take issue with some of the assumptions made by Brunell in which he argues in favor of “sweetheart gerrymandering” as a solution to the partisan gerrymandering woes that have so frequently accompanied recent legislative redistrictings. Far from being tangential to our argument about turnout bias, Brunell’s affinity for the sweetheart gerrymander reveals his understanding of the broader context in which redistricting concerns should be addressed, and his position on a remedy for partisan gerrymandering is one with which we disagree.

References

Abramowitz, Alan, Brad Alexander, and Matthew Gunning. 2006. Don't Blame Redistricting for Uncompetitive Elections. PS: Political Science and Politics 39:95-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096506060185

Abramowitz, Alan, and Kyle L. Saunders. 1998. Ideological Realignment in the U.S. Electorate. Journal of Politics 60:634-652. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2647642

Barone, Michael, and Richard E. Cohen. 2005. The Almanac of American Politics 2006. Washington, DC: National Journal.

Barone, Michael, and Grant Ujifusa. 1993. The Almanac of American Politics 1994. Washington, DC: National Journal.

Brunell, Thomas L. 1999. Partisan Bias in U.S. Congressional Elections, 1952-1996: Why the Senate is Usually More Republican than the House of Representatives. American Politics Quarterly 27:316-337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673X99027003003

Brunell, Thomas L. 2006a. What to Do about Turnout Bias in American Elections? The American Review of Politics 27:255-260.

Brunell, Thomas L. 2006b. Rethinking Redistricting: How Drawing Uncompetitive Districts Eliminates Gerrymanders, Enhances Representation, and Improves Attitudes toward Congress. PS: Political Science and Politics 39:77-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049096506060173

Campbell, James E. 1996. Cheap Seats: The Democratic Party's Advantage in U.S. House Elections. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

Garand, James C., and T. Wayne Parent. 1991. Representation, Swing, and Bias in U.S. Presidential Elections: 1872-1988. American Journal of Political Science 35:1011-1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2111504

Griffin, John D. 2006. Electoral Competition and Democratic Responsiveness: A Defense of the Marginality Hypothesis. Journal of Politics 68:911-921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00479.x

Grofman, Bernard, William Koetzle, and Thomas Brunell. 1997. An Integrated Perspective on the Three Potential Sources of Partisan Bias: Malapportionment, Turnout Differences, and the Geographic Distribution of Party Vote Shares. Electoral Studies 16:457-479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0261-3794(97)00037-1

King, Gary. 1989. Representation through Legislative Redistricting: A Stochastic Model. American Journal of Political Science 33:787-824. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2111110

King, Gary, and Robert X. Browning. 1987. Democratic Representation and Partisan Bias in Congressional Elections. American Political Science Review 81:1251-1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1962588

Peterson, Paul E. 1981. City Limits. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226922645.001.0001

Taagepera, Rein, and Matthew Soberg Shugart. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Trounstine, Jessica. 2006. Dominant Regimes and the Demise of Urban Democracy. Journal of Politics 68:879-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00477.x

Tufte, Edward R. 1973. The Relationship between Seats and Votes in Two-Party Systems. American Political Science Review 67:540-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1958782

Wink, Kenneth A., and Ronald E. Weber. 2005. Do Democrats and Republicans Pay the Same Price for Seats in U.S. State Lower-House Elections? An Analysis of "Cheap Seats" in Forty-four States. The American Review of Politics 26:305-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2005.26.0.305-322

Downloads

Published

2006-11-01

Issue

Section

Articles