Political Attitudes of the American Professoriate Toward the Persian Gulf War
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1993.14.0.71-95Abstract
Based on a national random sample of 657 college professors, indexes were constructed to measure faculty support for U.S. military involvement in the 1991 Persian Gulf War (IRAQHAWK), justifications for U.S. military actions (USJUST), opposition to the war (IRAQDOVE), justifications for Iraqi actions (IRAQJUST), and willingness to consider active protest against the war (GULFPROTEST). Principal findings showed that (1) college professors were less supportive of the war than the American public as a whole, (2) faculty liberalism was associated with greater disapproval of the war, (3) faculty responses to the war varied by academic discipline, with those in the social sciences and humanities least likely to support the war, and (4) cohort effects were relatively weak, but older faculty were most likely to support the war. Implications of this last result are discussed with respect to a statistically dominant cohort of Vietnam generation faculty in contemporary academia.References
Austin, Alexander, Helen Austin, and Allan Bayer. 1975. The Power of Protest: A National Study of Student and Faculty Disruptions With Implications for the Future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Barone, Michael and Grant Ujifusa. 1990. The Almanac of American Politics. Washington, DC: National Journal, Inc.
Bass, Allan. 1974. Generational Analysis: Description, Explanation and Theory. Journal of Social Issues 30: 55-72.
Bayer, Allan E. 1971. Institutional Correlates of Faculty Support of Campus Unrest. Washington, DC: American Council on Education.
__________. 1974. Teaching Faculty in Academe. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bengston, Vern. 1974. Time, Aging, and the Continuity of Social Structure: Themes and Issues in Generational Analysis. Journal of Social Issues 30: 1-30.
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. 1989. The Condition of the Professoriate: Attitudes and Trends. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Chronicle of Higher Education. 1991. Vol. 34, No. 12.
Crawford, Alan. 1980. Thunder on the New Right and the Politics of Resentment. New York: Pantheon Books.
Cole, Stephen and Hannelore Adamsons. 1970. Professional Status and Faculty Support of Student Demonstrations. Public Opinion Quarterly 34: 389-394.
Diggins, John Patrick. 1992. The Rise and Fall of the American Left. New York: W.W. Norton.
Dionne, E.J. 1992. Why Americans Hate Politics. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Eisenstadt, S.N. 1956. From Generation to Generation. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
__________. 1971. Generational Conflict and Intellectual Antinomianism. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 395.
Feuer, Louis. 1969. The Conflict of Generations. New York: Basic Books.
Fendrich, James Max. 1989. The Transition From Student to Adult Politics. Social Forces 67: 1049-1057.
Fuller, Timothy. 1990. The Voice of Liberal Learning. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
The Gallup Poll Monthly. 1991 (January, February, March).
Gitlin, Todd. 1987. The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage. New York: Bantam.
Gless, Darryl and Barbara Hernstein Smith, eds. 1990. The Politics of Liberal Education. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Holsti, Ole and James N. Rosenau. 1980. Does Where You Stand Depend on When You Were Born? The Impact of Generation on Post-Vietnam Foreign Policy Beliefs. Public Opinion Quarterly 44: 1-22.
__________. 1984. American Leadership in World Affairs: Vietnam and the Breakdown of Consensus. Boston: Allen and Unwin.
__________. 1990. The Structure of Foreign Policy Attitudes: American Leaders, 1976-1984. Journal of Politics 52: 94-125.
Kayden, Xandra and Eddie Mahe Jr. 1986. The Party Goes On: The Persistence of the Two Party System in the United States. New York: Basic Books.
Kessler, Lauren. 1990. After All These Years: Sixties Ideas in a Different World. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press.
Kimbal, Roger. 1990. Tenured Radicals: How Politics Has Corrupted the University. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Ladd, Everett and Seymour Martin Lipset. 1975. The Divided Academy: Professors and Politics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Lazarsfeld, Paul and Wagner Thielens, Jr. 1958. The Academic Mind. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Richard B. Dobson. 1972. The Intellectual as Critic and Rebel. Daedalus 101: 137-198.
Lipset, Seymour Martin and Everett Ladd. 1972. The Political Future of Activist Generations. In Philip Altbach and Robert Laufer, eds., The New Pilgrims. New York: David McKay Co.
McAdam, Doug. 1989. The Biographical Consequences of Activism. American Sociological Review 54: 744-760.
Mannheim, Karl. 1952. The Problem of Generations. In Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
May, Henry. 1963. The Discontent of Intellectuals. Chicago: Rand McNally.
National Center for Education Statistics. 1992. Digest of Education Statistics. Washington, DC (November 10).
__________. 1991. Profiles of Faculty in Higher Education Institutions, 1988. Washington, DC (September 18).
National Faculty Directory. 1991. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc.
Nelson, Michael, ed. 1989. Congressional Quarterly?s Guide to the Presidency, 1989. Washington, DC: National Journal, Inc.
Nettl, J.P. 1969. Ideas, Intellectuals, and Structures of Dissent. In Philip Reif, ed., On Intellectuals. New York: Doubleday.
Newman, Stephen L. 1989. Liberalism and the Divided Mind of the American Right. Polity 22: 75-96.
Polsby, Nelson and Aaron Wildavsky. 1988. Presidential Elections. New York: The Free Press.
Ross, Robert. 1983. Generational Change and Primary Groups in a Social Movement. In Jo Freeman, ed., Social Movements of the Sixties and Seventies. New York: Longman.
Sale, Kirkpatrick. 1973. SDS. New York: Random House.
Shils, Edward. 1983. The Academic Ethic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Wills, Garry. 1990. Under God: Religion and American Politics. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Wilson, Logan. 1979. American Academics: Then and Now. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wittkopf, Eugene R. 1990. Faces of Internationalism: Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with American Review of Politics agree to the following terms:
The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
Non-Commercial: the materials may not be used for commercial purposes;
Share Alike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
with the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
The Author represents and warrants that:
the Work is the Author’s original work;
the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
the Work has not previously been published;
the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
