The Nominating Process: Factionalism as a Force for Democratization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1991.12.0.42-64Abstract
In what ways may a one-party system advance democratic development? Democratic development requires an understanding of the process of institutionalization and the ways in which institutionalization may be promotive of nonviolent elite competition, even within one-party systems. This directs our attention to the hierarchy of institutionalized organizations and conflict systems that constitute a party system, namely, government, parties, and factions. Although neglected in research on party politics, factions are capable of creating conditions favorable to democratic development, including nonviolent competition among elites, party pluralism, and popular participation in electoral and other institutions of national politics. The centerpiece of factionalism is the party’s nominating process, another relatively neglected subject of inquiry. Several principles of institutionalization are suggested by the experience with factionalism in the United States and other nations.References
Belloni, Frank P. and Dennis C. Beller. 1978. Faction Politics: Political Parties and Factionalism in Comparative Perspective. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio.
Blase, Melvin G. 1973. Institution Building: A Source Book. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
David, Paul T., Ralph M. Goldman, and Richard C. Bain. 1960. The Politics of National Party Conventions. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution. Updated and abridged edition, 1984. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Deutsch, Karl. 1980. Politics and Government, 3d ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Diamond, Larry, Juan J. Linz, and Seymour Martin Lipset. 1988-1989. Democracy in Developing Countries. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Fukui, Haruhiro. 1978. Japan: Factionalism in a Dominant-Party System. In Frank P. Belloni and Dennis C. Beller, eds., Faction Politics: Political Parties and Factionalism in Comparative Perspective. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio.
Goldman, Ralph M. 1983. Transnational Parties: Organizing the World's Precincts. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
_____________. 1990a. From Warfare to Party Politics: The Critical Transition to Civilian Control. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
_____________. 1990b. The National Party Chairmen and Committees: Factionalism at the Top. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
Hagopian, Mark N. 1978. Regimes, Movements, and Ideologies. New York: Longman.
Kamarck, Elaine Ciulla. 1990. Structure as Strategy: Presidential Nominating Politics in the Post-Reform Era. In L. Sandy Maisel, ed., The Parties Respond: Changes in the American Party System . Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Key, V. O., Jr. 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
_____________. 1956. American State Politics. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Lasswell, Harold D. Factions. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 5:51.
March, James G. and Johan P. Olsen. 1989. Rediscovering Institutions: The Organizational Basis of Politics. New York: The Free Press.
McNitt, Andrew D. 1980. The Effect of Preprimary Endorsement on Competition for
Nominations: An Examination of Different Nominating Systems. Journal of Politics 42: 257-66.
Miller, George A. 1953. What Is Information Measurement? American Psychologist 8: 1-11.
Ozbudun, Ergun. 1989. Turkey: Crises, Interruptions, and Reequilibrations. In Larry Diamond, Juan J. Linz, and Seymour Martin Lipset, eds., Democracy in Developing Countries: Asia. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Reza, F. M. 1961. Introduction to Information Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Robins, Robert S. 1976. Political Institutionalization and the Integration of Elites. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Sartori, Giovanni. 1976. Parties and Party Systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schattschneider, E. E. 1942. Party Government. New York: Rinehart.
_____________ . 1957. Intensity, Visibility, Direction and Scope. American Political Science Review 51: 933-42.
Sindler, Allan. 1955. Bifactional Rivalry as an Alternative to Two-Party Competition in Louisiana. American Political Science Review 49:641-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1951430
Truman, David B. 1955. The Governmental Process. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Wright, William E. 1971. A Comparative Study of Party Organization. Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill.
Yeshilada, Birol Ali. 1988. Problems of Political Development in the Third Turkish Republic. Polity 21: 345-72.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with American Review of Politics agree to the following terms:
The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
Non-Commercial: the materials may not be used for commercial purposes;
Share Alike: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
with the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
The Author represents and warrants that:
the Work is the Author’s original work;
the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
the Work has not previously been published;
the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.