Reclaiming, Resisting and Representing: Makings Space for Palauan Knowledge in a Pacific Islander Serving Institution

Main Article Content

Joy R. Hannibal

Abstract

Little research exists on the specific ways that Indigenous Knowledge is integrated into institutions of higher education across the U.S.-affiliated islands of Micronesia. This research study highlights the existence of Palauan Knowledge within Palau Community College. An Indigenous paradigm (Wilson, 2003) is utilized to align with Palauan values of respect (omenguul), responsibility (ngerachel), care and compassion (klechubechub). Through interviews (chelededuch) with nine collaborators, in addition to field notes, observations, and archival documents, this study was guided by the following questions: How is Indigenous Knowledge incorporated within Palau Community College (PCC)? Secondly, how do stories from Indigenous teachers and Indigenous learning environments inform PCC? Findings from this study reveal experiences of separation from Palauan Knowledge and the actions some collaborators took to preserve Palauan Knowledge. Collaborators’ narratives highlight several instances where Palauan knowledge is honored within the college through visual and oral representations and with academic and community programming. Continuity of Palauan Knowledge through ongoing opportunities to sustain practices in and outside the college is explored in the final reflections of collaborators. They continue to challenge perspectives that Indigenous Knowledge is in the past and instead is evolving. Ultimately, this study lays a foundation for continued inquiry and reflection of the college to continue to interrogate the ways that Palau Community College elevates Indigenous Knowledge.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Agrawal, A. (1995). Dismantling the divide between Indigenous and scientific knowledge. Development and Change, 26, 413-439. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1995.tb00560.x

Barnhardt, R., & Kawagley, A. O. (2005). Indigenous knowledge systems and Alaska Native ways of knowing. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 36(1), 8-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.2005.36.1.008

Battiste, M. (2008). Research ethics for protecting Indigenous Knowledge and heritage: Institutional and researcher responsibilities. In N. K. Denzin, Y. S. Lincoln, & L. T. Smith (Eds.), Handbook of critical and Indigenous methodologies (pp. 497-510). SAGE Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483385686.n25

Benham, M. K. P. (2006). A challenge to Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander scholars: What the research literature teaches us about our work. Race Ethnicity and Education, 9(1), 29 – 50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13613320500490705

Botha, M. M. (2007) Africanising the curriculum: An exploratory study. South African Journal of Higher Education, 21(1), 202-216. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/sajhe.v21i2.25630

Brayboy, B. M. J., & Maughan, E. (2009). Indigenous Knowledges and the story of the bean. Harvard Educational Review, 79(1), 1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.1.l0u6435086352229

Brower, P. K. (2016). Tumitchiat: Iñuqqaat aullarrisiatun ilisaġviit, a new pathway: Indigenous leadership in higher education (Publication No. 10102662). [Doctoral dissertation, University of Alaska Fairbanks]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global.

Cholmay, M. (2013). Way finding: Envisioning a culturally responsive system for Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia.

Chow-Garcia, N. & Svihla, V. (2019, November 14-16). Evaluating How Summer Internships Impact American Indian and Alaska Native Students’ Intent to Persist in STEM-fields [Paper Session presentation]. ASHE 2019 Conference, Portland, OR, United States.

Cole, W. M. (2011). Uncommon schools: The global rise of postsecondary institutions for Indigenous peoples. Stanford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804772105.001.0001

Collins, C. S., & Mueller, M. K. (2016). University land-grant extension and resistance to inclusive epistemologies. The Journal of Higher Education 87(3), 303-331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.2016.0016

dé Ishtar, Z. (1994). Daughters of the Pacific. Spinifex Press.

dé Ishtar, Z. (2007, October 6). Celebrating the life of Gabriela Ngirmang of Palau. Green Left. Retrieved from: https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/celebrating-life-gabriela-ngirmang-palau DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10455750701859794

Del Rosario, A.G., Esguerra, N.M., & Taro, T. (2015). Taro production in Palau. College of Micronesia Land Grant Program. Retrieved from: https://chm.cbd.int/api/v2013/documents/9A9CE38C-FA3A-4CCB-F77D-EB22E815335B/attachments/212244/Taro-Production_final-2015-optimized.pdf

Epstein, J. (1987). Indigenous attempts to protect the environment: A Pacific Island case. Environmental Systems, 17(2), 131-148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2190/EQYD-2DR6-29JK-3LHV

Erwin, E., & Muzzin, L. (2015). Aboriginal student strength to persist and indigenous knowledges in community colleges. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 5(1), 53-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-07-2014-0032

Gaviria, P. (2012). Indigenous rights and advanced capitalism in community colleges: The case of Nunavut Arctic College. In A. W. Wiseman, A. Chase-Mayoral, T. Janis, and A. Sachdev (Eds), Community colleges worldwide: Investigating the global phenomenon (pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-3679(2012)0000017008

-128). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Gegeo, D. (2001). “How we know”: Kwara’ae rural villagers doing Indigenous epistemology. The Contemporary Pacific, 13(1), 55-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2001.0004

González, R. G., & Colangelo, P. (2010). The development of Indigenous higher education: A comparative historical analysis between Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the U.S., 1880-2005. Journal of American Indian Education, 49(3), 3-23.

Hau’ofa, E. (1994). Our Sea of Islands. The Contemporary Pacific, 6(1), 147–161.

Hart, V., Whatman, S., McLaughlin, J., & Sharma-Brymer, V. (2012). Pre-service teachers' pedagogical relationships and experiences of embedding Indigenous Australian knowledge in teaching practicum. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 42(5), 703-723. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2012.706480

Heine, H. C. (2002, October). Culturally responsive schools for Micronesian immigrant students. Pacific Resources for Education and Learning.

Hunt-Jinnouchi, F. (2011). Transitions from Aboriginal-controlled post-secondary institutes to public post-secondary institutions. Adult Education Research Conference. Retrieved from: https://newprairiepress.org/aerc/2011/papers/44/

Justice, D. H. (2004). Seeing (and reading) red. In D. A. Mihesuah & A. C. Wilson (Eds.), Indigenizing the academy: Transforming scholarship and empowering communities (pp. 100-123). University of Nebraska Press.

Kēpa, M. & Manuatu, L. (2011). An Indigenous and migrant critique of principles and innovation in education in Aotearoa/New Zealand, International Review of Education, 56, 617-630. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-011-9249-1

Kovach, M. (2005). Emerging from the margins: Indigenous methodologies. In L. Brown & S. Strega (Eds.), Research as resistance: Critical, Indigenous, and anti-oppressive approaches. (pp. 19-36). Canadian Scholars’ Press/Women’s Press.

Lipe, K. (2016). How do we transform the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa into a Hawaiian place of learning? General perspectives: Part 2. Hūlili: Multidisciplinary Research on Hawaiian Well-Being, 10, 227-243.

Minnabarriet, V. B. (2012). Aboriginal post-secondary education in British Columbia: Nicola Valley Institute of Technology - An eagle’s gather place. [Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia] UBC Theses and Dissertations.

Palau Community College. (2013, July 12). Cultural studies for summer youth program. Mesekiu’s News, 15(28), 1. https://pcc.palau.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/MESEKIUSNEWSvol15iss27July-05-2013.pdf

Pidgeon, M. (2016). More than a checklist: Meaningful indigenous inclusion in higher education. Social Inclusion, 4(1), 77-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i1.436

Pobutsky, A. M., Buenconsejo-Lum, L., Chow, C., Palafox, N., & Maskarinec, G. G. (2005). Micronesian migrants in Hawaii: Health issues and culturally appropriate, community-based solutions. Californian Journal of Health Promotion, 3(4), 59-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v3i4.1782

Public Broadcasting Service (2013). An ancient legend teacher’s climate change adaptation. https://wkar.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/prcc12.sci.life.eco.modernu ab/ancient-legend-teaches-climate-change-adaptation/

Salis Reyes, N.A., Wright, E.K., Goodyear-Kaʻōpua, N. & Oliveira, K. R. K. N. (2020) Embodying Haumea: Wāhine scholars cultivating Kanaka independence/ts in the academy, International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 33(2), 240-249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2019.1681543

Schofield, T., O'Brien, R., & Gilroy, J. (2013). Indigenous higher education: Overcoming barriers to participation in research higher degree programs. Australian Aboriginal Studies, 2013(2), 13-28.

Semali, L. M. & Kincheloe, J. L. (2011). Introduction: What is Indigenous Knowledge and why should we study it? In L. M. Semali and J. L. Kincheloe (Eds.) What is Indigenous Knowledge?: Voices from the Academy (pp. 3-58). Falmer Press.

Simpson, L.B. (2014). Land as pedagogy: Nishnaabeg intelligence and rebellious transformation. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 3(3), 1-25. On p. 24

Smith, L.T. (2012). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and Indigenous peoples. Zed Books.

Soaladaob, K.Y. (2010). Cultivating identities: Re-thinking education in Palau. [Master’s thesis. University of Canterbury]. Retrieved from http://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/5889/thesis_fulltextpdf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Takeuchi, F. K. (2011). Many voices, one dream: From Mokko to Palau Community College. 2LDK Media: Honolulu, Hawaiʻi.

Teaiwa, T. K. (2006). On analogies: Rethinking the Pacific in a global context. The Contemporary Pacific, 18(1), 71-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2005.0105

Thaman, K. H. (2003). Decolonizing Pacific Studies: Indigenous perspectives, knowledge, and wisdom, in higher education. The Contemporary, Pacific 15(1), 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/cp.2003.0032

Uriarte, E.O. (2010). Omesubel A Klechibelau: The rise of a new program at the Palau Community College [Master’s thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa].

Wilson, S. (2003). Progressing toward an Indigenous research paradigm in Canada and Australia. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 27(2), 161-178.

Windchief, S., & Joseph, D. H. (2015). The act of claiming higher education as indigenous space: American Indian/Alaska Native examples. Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education, 9(4), 267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15595692.2015.1048853

Wright, E.K. & Balutski, B.J.N. (2016). Ka ʻIkena a ka Hawaiʻi: Toward a Kanaka ʻŌiwi critical race theory. In K.R.K.N. Oliveira & E.K. Wright (Eds.), Moʻolelo and metaphor: Kanaka ʻŌiwi methodologies (pp.86-108). University of Hawaiʻi Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824855857.003.0006