Toward an Understanding of Critical Success Factors for Student-Athlete Mental Health and Wellness, Academic Success, and Athletic Performance at the NCAA Division III Level

Authors

  • Kristina Navarro University of Wisconsin-Whitewater Rutgers University
  • Dr. Lindsey Greviskes Assistant Professor at UW-Whitewater
  • Dr. Logan Edwards Assistant Professor at UW-Whitewater
  • Dr. Kelly Witte Associate Professor and Department Chair Health, PE Recreation and Coaching UW-Whitewater
  • Lily Pittelkow Graduate Research Assistant
  • Jenny Scherer Graduate Research Assistant

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2019.1.6.82-104

Keywords:

Mental Health, Student-Athlete Development, Student-Athlete Welfare, Holistic Development

Abstract

Current athletic administrators are not only charged with overseeing programs that are critical to student-athletes’ athletics success, but must be increasingly aware of resources to also support success in student-athletes’ academic and personal lives.  In turn, this empirical study explored the needs of student-athletes, coaches and administrators pertaining to mental health and wellness, academic success, and athletic performance at the NCAA Division III level.  Implications and recommendations are presented for athletic administrators as they develop programmatic support for millennial student-athletes who experience heightened mental health and wellness challenges during the transition to college.

Author Biographies

Kristina Navarro, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater Rutgers University

Dr. Navarro is the former Associate AD for Student Development and Strategic Initiatives and Associate Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater.

She currently is the Senior Associate AD for Leadership Development and Strategic Partnerships at Rutgers University.

Dr. Lindsey Greviskes, Assistant Professor at UW-Whitewater

Dr. Greviskes is an Assistant Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

Dr. Logan Edwards, Assistant Professor at UW-Whitewater

Dr. Edwards in an Assistant Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

Dr. Kelly Witte, Associate Professor and Department Chair Health, PE Recreation and Coaching UW-Whitewater

Dr. WItte is the Department Chair for the Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Coaching at UW-Whitewater.  She is also an Associate Professor.

Lily Pittelkow, Graduate Research Assistant

Lily is a graduate student in the Higher Education Athletic Administration program at UW-Whitewater

Jenny Scherer, Graduate Research Assistant

Jenny is a graduate student in the Higher Education Athletic Administration program at UW-Whitewater

References

Adler, P., & Adler, P. (1987). Role conflict and identity salience: College athletics and the academic role. Social Science Journal, 24(2), 443-450. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0362-3319(87)90059-0

American College Health Association. American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II: Undergraduate Student Reference Group Executive Summary Spring 2014. Hanover, MD: American College Health Association; 2014.

Armstrong, S.N., Burcin, M.M., Bjerke, W., & Early, J. (2015). Depression in student athletes: a particularly at-risk group? A systematic review of the literature. Athletic Insight, 7(2), 177-193.

Astin, A. W. (1999). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of College Student Development, 40(5), 518-529.

Astin, A. W. (1984). Student involvement: A developmental theory for higher education. Journal of College Student Personnel, 25, 297-308.

Barkley, L., Taliaferro, L. A., Baker, K., & Garcia, J. (2018). The Holistic Athletic Healthcare Model: Addressing the Developmental, Social, and Cultural Needs of Collegiate Athletes. Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation, 1(3), 26-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2018.1.3.26-47

Beauchemin, J. (2014). College student-athlete wellness: An integrative outreach model. College Student Journal, 48(2), 268-280.

Birky, I. (2007). Counseling student athletes: sport psychology as a specialization. In Lippincott, J.A. & Lippincott, R.B. (Eds.), Special populations in college counseling, 21-35. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.

Blanco, C., Okunda, M., Wright, C. et al. (2008). Mental health of college students and their non-college-attending peers: results from the National Epidemiologic Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65(12), 1429-1437. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1429

Case, B., Greer, S., & Brown, J. (1987). Academic clustering in athletics: Myth or reality? Arena Review, 11(2), 48-56.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Mental Health. (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/ Accessed: January 20, 2016.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Adolescent and School Health (2016). https://www.cdc.gov/healthyYouth/data/yrbs/index.htm. Accessed September 21, 2016.

Clement D, Granquist MD, Arvinen-Barrow MM. (2013). Psychosocial aspects of athletic injuries as perceived by athletic trainers. Journal of Athletic Training, 48, 512–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.21

Comeaux, E. & Harrison, C.K. (2011). A conceptual model of academic success for student-athletes. Educational Researcher, 40(5), 235-245. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X11415260

Coomes, M. D., & DeBard, R. (Eds.). (2004). Serving the Millennial Generation: New Directions for Student Services, Number 106 (Vol. 68). John Wiley & Sons.

Eisenberg, D., Hunt, J., Speer, N. (2012). Help-Seeking for Mental Health on College Campuses: review of evidence and next steps for research and practice. Harvard Review Psychiatry, 20(4), 222-232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/10673229.2012.712839

Fountain, J. J. & Finley, P.S. (2011). Academic clustering: A longitudinal analysis of Division I football programs, Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 4, 24-21.

Fountain, J. J., & Finley, P.S. (2009). Academic Majors of Upperclassmen Football Players in the Atlantic Coast Conference: An Analysis of Academic Clustering Comparing White and Minority Players, Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 2, 1-13.

Good, A. J., Brewer, B. W., Petitpas, A., Van Raalte, J., & Mahar, M. (1993). Identity foreclosure, athletic identity and college sport participation. Academic Athletic Journal, 8, 1-12.

Green, G. A., Uryasz, F. D., Petr, T. A., & Bray, C. D. (2001). NCAA study of substance use and abuse habits of college student-athletes. Clinical journal of sport medicine, 11(1), 51-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00042752-200101000-00009

Hunt, J., & Eisenberg D. (2010). Mental Health Problems and Help-Seeking Behaviors Among College Students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(1), 3-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.08.008

Kennedy, S. R. & Dimick, K. M. (1987). Career maturity and professional sports expectations of college football and basketball players. Journal of College Student Personnel, 27, 548-559.

Knobler, M. (2007). Athletes choose majors to accommodate sports. Atlanta Journal Constitution, 1, 1.

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Martin, S. B. (2005). High school and college athletes' attitudes toward sport psychology consulting. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17(2), 127-139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200590932434

Moreland, J. J., Coxe, K. A., & Yang, J. (2017). Collegiate athletes’ mental health services utilization: A systematic review of conceptualizations, operationalizations, facilitators, and barriers. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 7 (1), 58-69.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) (2017). Sports Science Institute. Retrieved from http://www.ncaa.org/sport-science-institute

N4A (2017). National Association of Academic Advisors for Athletics N4A mentoring program. Retrieved from http://www.nacda.com/nfoura/mentoringprogram.html

NSCA (2018). National Strength and Conditioning Association. Retrieved from https://www.nsca.com/

Parcover, J. A., Mettrick, J., Parcover, C. A. D., & Griffin-Smith, P. (2009). University and college counselors as athletic team consultants: using a structural family therapy model. Journal of College Counseling, 12(2), 149–161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2009.tb00112.x

Renick, J. (1974). The use and misuse of college athletics. The Journal of Higher Education, 45(7), 545-552. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1980793

Shurts, W. M., & Shoffner, M. F. (2004). Providing career counseling for collegiate student-athletes: A learning theory approach. Journal of Career Development, 31(2), 95-109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/089484530403100202

Sowa, C., & Gressard, C. (1983). Athletic participation: Its relationship to student development. Journal of College Student Personnel, 24, 236-239.

Strange, C. C. (2004). Constructions of student development across the generations. New Directions for Student Services, 106, 47-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.124

Spivey, D., & Jones, T. A. (1975). Intercollegiate athletic servitude: A case study of the black Illinois student-athlete. Social Science Quarterly, 54, 939-947.

Sudano, L. E., Collins, G., & Miles, C. M. (2017). Reducing barriers to mental health care for student-athletes: An integrated care model. Families, Systems, & Health, 35(1), 77–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/fsh0000242

Thelin, J. R. (1994). Games colleges play: Scandal and reform in intercollegiate athletics. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

Weigand, S., Cohen, J., & Merenstein, D. (2013). Susceptibility for depression in current and retired student athletes. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 5(3), 263–266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738113480464

Yang, J., Peek-Asa, C., Corlette, J. D., Cheng, G., Foster, D. T., & Albright, J. (2007). Prevalence of and risk factors associated with symptoms of depression in competitive collegiate student athletes. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(6), 481-487. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31815aed6b

Downloads

Published

2020-02-18

How to Cite

Navarro, K., Greviskes, D. L., Edwards, D. L., Witte, D. K., Pittelkow, L., & Scherer, J. (2020). Toward an Understanding of Critical Success Factors for Student-Athlete Mental Health and Wellness, Academic Success, and Athletic Performance at the NCAA Division III Level. Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation, 1(6), 82–104. https://doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2019.1.6.82-104

Issue

Section

Peer Review Articles